Waves & radiation

P3 - Describe the electro-magnetic spectrum

P4 - Describe the different types of radiation, including non-ionizing and ionizing radiation

M2 - Describe the uses of ionizing and non-ionising radiation in the home or workplace

D2 - Discuss the possible negative effects of ionizing and non ionsing radiation

Space

P9  - Describe the composition of the solar system

P10 - Identify evidence that shows how the universe is changing

M5 - Describe the main theory of how the universe was formed

M6 - Explain how the evidence shows that the universe is changing

D5 - Evaluate the main theory of how the universe was formed

D6 - Evaluate the evidence that shows how the universe is changing

Make a poster showing the order of the planets & annotate it with information about the planets. Describe the composition of the solar system. -what is the name of our galaxy? what is the name of our solar system? -what are the planets in our solar system? -what is the order of the planets from the sun? -what are conditions like on these planets? -what are the special features of the planets? -what are the sizes of the planets? -what are the distances between the planets & their distances from the sun? -what other objects are there in space other than planets? P9

What evidence is there that the universe is changing? e.g. what is redshift (Doppler effect)? P10

Describe how the big bang theory of how the universe was formed. M5

Evaluate the big bang theory. -How sure are you that the theory is correct? -consider arguments for & against the big bang theory. Hint: ·         Find out about the findings of NASA Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) in 1992 about cosmic background radiation as evidence of the big bang. D5

How does the evidence show that the universe is changing? -Explain redshift shows that the universe is changing. Keywords: Redshift, Doppler effect, electromagnetic spectrum, light, wavelength, frequency, galaxy. M6

Evaluate this evidence that the universe is changing: -What is the evidence for & against the universe changing? -How reliable is the evidence? -What is the future of the universe? ·         Continue to expand forever? ·         Expansion will slow down? ·         The expansion will stop & reverse until the universe collapses into a massive black hole (singularity)? D6

New town energy

Task 1 Build the National Grid model. Describe how electricity is delivered from the power station to the different parts of the town using information labels/panels on your model. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P6.

Task 2 Make an information panel that describes using diagrams, how electricity is produced in the power station If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P7

Task 3 Add some other ways of generating electricity (wind farm, Solar cells, hydroelectric dam etc) to your model. Make a table showing to advantages and disadvantages of each way of generating electricity include how efficient each is. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion M4.

Waves

Task 1 Types of wave Waves are ways of transmitting, or carrying, energy from one place to another. 1       Explain the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves, giving examples of each 2       Explain the following terms in connection with waves, and show how they are related to each other.        a   wavelength                  b   frequency               c    velocity 3       Describe what the electromagnetic spectrum is, and describe each part of the spectrum, including what it is used for, its properties and how wavelength, frequency and velocity vary between each part. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet criterion P3.

Task 2 Communicating with waves Communication between humans, and between other animals, depends on sight and sound. 1       Explain how electromagnetic waves are used to communicate over longer distances. Your answer should cover: §  telephones, radio and television §  transmission by wires, cables, optical fibres and through air and space 2       For part of your presentation, use technology to transmit sound and visual information. The information which is sent must explain how waves are being used to carry that information from its source to its audience. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet criterion P5.

Task 3 Wireless communication Much technology today uses wireless communication.  Choose at 3 different applications of this and for each one, explain in full how wireless technology is used, how the information is carried and how it is better than wired communication. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet criterion M5.

Task 4 Comparing wired and wireless Draw up a table to show the advantages and disadvantages of wireless and wired communication.  For each one, show clearly which types of EM waves are involved in the transmission of information. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet criterion D5.

Energy

Task 1 Ever-changing energy 1     From your practical investigations, produce a table of results listing what object you investigated, what energy it used and what that energy was transferred to. 2     For each of the appliances you looked at, draw a simple energy transfer diagram If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P1. Task 2 – Energy Efficiency 3     Using work you have done in class, complete a table of energy efficiency calculations for at least 5 appliances or objects (e.g. filament bulb, energy efficient bulb, kettle, radio, computer) If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P2.

Task 3 Energy conservation We can change energy from one form into others, but the total amount of energy stays the same. It is conserved. Unfortunately, not all the energy is transformed into the form we want. 1       a   Describe three examples of everyday processes in which one form of energy is transformed into at least two other forms.        b   Draw simple diagrams showing these energy transformations.        c   Explain what happens to each of the energy forms produced. Show which are useful energy, and which are wasted        d   Look up data for three everyday processes, to find the percentage of energy transformed into useful and waste energy in each. (Sankey diagrams) If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion M1.

Task 4 Conserving energy 1       a   Since energy cannot be destroyed nor used up, what do we mean by energy consumption ? 2       Household appliances are labelled with efficiency ratings, A to G.        a   What do we mean by energy efficiency? What do these ratings mean?  Give examples.        b   Explain the advantages of using appliances with higher energy efficiency. 3     List, with brief details, five ways that people can reduce their energy consumption, and/or use energy more efficiently in their everyday lives. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion D1.

Biology& the environment

P4-Carry out an investigation into the impact of human activity on an environment

M3 – Describe how to measure the effect of human activity on an environment.

D2 – Explain how the environmental effect of human activity might be minimised in the future