Homeostasis

Task 1  Homeostasis

Produce a handout/leaflet to explain each control mechanism include:

·         What is homeostasis

·         What happens to the body when hot? And when cold?

·         What happens to the body when blood sugar is high? And when low?

·         Explain what hyper and hypothermia are

·         Describe diabetes

Include tables, diagrams and pictures where appropriate.

                    If you complete this task correctly you will meet grading criteria P6

Genes & variation

Task 1   Chromosomes, genes and DNA Design a labelled/annotated diagram titled ‘What are genes?’  It should: §  show where chromosomes, genes and DNA are found §  be labelled with a description of each component §  identify the relationship between all three components. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P1.

Task 2 Evolving because of genetic variation Sickle cell syndrome is a common disease in people who come from areas of Africa where you can catch malaria. Malaria is a parasite spread by mosquitoes that kills many people in Africa every year. People who have one copy of the sickle cell gene do not get ill with sickle cell syndrome, but their red blood cells are slightly abnormal. The malaria parasite can not use these abnormal red blood cells to grow. Therefore, people who carry the sickle cell disease are less likely to die of malaria. §  How is sickle cell syndrome inherited? §  What is the genetic probability of two carriers of sickle cell syndrome having a child who is: §  also a carrier §  has sickle cell syndrome. §  Explain why sickle cell syndrome is so high in regions where there is a risk of catching malaria. In your explanation you should use these words: Genes Variation Environmental conditions Evolutionary change §  Variation in genes doesn’t just bring about evolutionary change in humans and it isn’t always associated with disease. Describe another example in nature where genetic variation led to evolutionary change.                             If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion M1.

Task 3 The genetic code and variation Genes are comprised of four different bases combined in a unique way. §  Draw a diagram to illustrate the four bases and how they bond together in DNA. §  What role does the genetic code play in variation? §  What types of mistakes (mutations) in the genetic code can lead to genetic diseases? §  The most common cause of sickle cell anaemia is an A to T mutation in the sickle cell gene. Explain in simple terms what this means. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion D1

Human Health

Task 1 The potential risk to health Produce advice sheets to give to patients on how different internal and external factors can cause illness. Factors are; Smoking, Obesity, Not getting vaccinated (for example MMR), Alcohol  If you complete this task completely you will meet grading criterion P5

Task 2 How the body is affected Copy and complete this table by listing the body system disrupted and explaining how it is. Factor affecting health Potential illness/disease caused Mechanism by which this illness/ disease arises Bacterial infection Viral infection Smoking  Alcohol Obesity Inherited condition Autoimmune disease . If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion M4.

Task 3 Overcoming social issues Often society and people’s attitudes must be changed before people live healthier lifestyles. Making people aware of the facts is an important step in this process. For the 7 factors that affect health in task 2 explain the issues or attitudes that might have to be overcome before people will try and improve their health and/or accept treatment. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion D3

Changing Earth

Task 1 Make a presentation (power point/poster/media) to inform your audience about how the Earth’s surface and atmosphere changes. include ·         how Volcanoes are formed and how they change the Earth’s surface ·         which greenhouse gasses Volcanoes give off ·         tectonic plates and how they move changing the Earth’s surface ·         mention fault lines, mountain ranges, subduction zones and Earthquakes

Task 2 Increase the level of scientific detail in you presentation. Include ·         a description how Volcanoes are formed and how they change the Earth’s surface over millions of years. ·         an explanation how new volcanic Islands are formed ·         a description how the Earth’s atmosphere has changed over millions of years ·         given an example of how a volcano has affected the Earth’s surface/atmosphere ·         a description of continental drift and how plate tectonics move changing the Earth’s surface ·         a description of continental drift from Pangaea to present and have made prediction on tectonic movement in the future If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P7

P7: Identify the natural factors changed the surface and atmosphere of the Earth 

M7: Describe the ways that natural factors changed the surface and atmosphere of the Earth over millions of years 

Reaction rates

Task 1 Part A. Explain what is meant by: rate of reaction. Write down the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.   Carry out a series of experiments to investigate rates of chemical reactions, and present your results appropriately. You should investigate at least four factors (e.g. surface area, temperature, concentration, catalyst.) Part B Use your results from Part A to describe how the factors you investigated affect the rate of a chemical reaction. Write down word and symbol equations for the reactions you are investigating. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P5.

Task 2 Draw and label a diagram showing the each stage of the Haber process. Write out the equation and explain that it is reversible (dynamic equilibrium). Explain how different factors affect the rate of reaction in the production of ammonia Pressure Temperature Concentration Catalyst If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion M5.

Task 3 Explain why reactions in the chemical industry need to be carefully controlled. Find out about the conditions used in the Haber process for manufacturing ammonia: §  proportions and concentrations of the reactants §  operating temperature §  details of the catalyst. Describe how each of these factors affects the rate of this particular reaction. Explain why a compromise is reached between conditions that make the reaction go faster with conditions that give maximum yield If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion D3.

Investigating chemicals/ identifying substances

Task 1 Your company has asked you to research methods of identification for various chemicals – in other words, how could you tell what they are from looking at their properties? Fill in the excel spreadsheet after finding out about each chemical. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P1. Task 2 Your company has asked you to investigate the conductivity of copper wire. This means how well it conducts (allows to flow) electricity. You can find this out by looking at the electric current through a sample of wire. A strong/high/fast current (Amps) means high conductivity. A weak/low/slow current means low conductivity. Use different lengths of wire and different numbers of strands to investigate, and draw graphs to show your findings. Discuss the type of graph needed with your teacher. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion P2.

Task 3 The air that makes up the atmosphere surrounding us contains various gases including the oxygen that we need to live. Is air an element, a compound or a mixture? How could you show this? Name 2 elements and 1 compound found in air. Make a poster showing the above information, and include a pie chart showing the composition of air.  If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion M1.

Task 4 The table shows some properties of metals used in overhead power lines. Metal Density (kg/m3) Electrical conductivity Cost per kg (£) Aluminium 2700 3700 2.00 Steel 7800 1000 0.20 a)    Give two reasons why aluminium is better suited than steel to make overhead power lines. b)    Give one reason why steel is often mixed in with aluminium in overhead power lines. If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion M2.

Task 5 Many metals melt at quite low (for chemists!) temperatures e.g 300-1000oC. What is it about the structure of the chemicals in Task 1 which makes their melting points so much higher? If you complete this task correctly, you will meet grading criterion D1.

Environmental chemistry

The Environment Agency works hard to inform people of current environmental issues and develops solutions to ongoing problems caused by the interaction of humans with their environment.  They also manage large parts of Britain, including many waterways, coastlines and terrestrial areas. It's their job to look after your environment and make it a better place - for you, and for future generations. They consider a wide variety of issues such as flood protection, waste in land fill sites, land quality (damaged through industrial use), fish and fisheries, recreational activities and many others.

An Environmental Scientist working for the Environment Agency has been asked to put together a report for presentation to a group of MPs about the increasing problems encountered through the interaction of humans and their environment. As the Scientist’s assistant, you have been asked to find out the facts about the problems.

What to do:

Produce a presentation/ booklet on How Human Activities Effect the Environment to present to your boss the Environmental Scientist.

Your work should include the following:

For a Pass include:

-          Identify 3 activities from below.

o   Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect

o   Burning of Fossil Fuels

o   Over Fishing

o   Land fill sites/Waste disposal

o   Mining

o   Acid rain

o   Deforestation

-          Explain what each activity is, how it occurs, and how it effects the environment

For a Merit include:

-          All the pass criteria

-          Describe 3 ways human choices have effected the environment from the following:

o   Recycling - Do we do it effectively?

o   How much we use our cars – can we reduce car travel?

o   Where we get our food from – Intensive farming/artificial fertilisers/pesticides. How far has it come?

o   How much energy we consume

o   Littering

-          Explain the choice that humans make for the 3 you have chosen, and how these choices have effected the environment (in a positive or negative way)

For a Distinction include:

-          Include all pass and merit criteria

-          Explain what is sustainable development

-          From the following identify 3 areas in which humans need to act to prevent further damage or restore:

o   Energy efficiency

o   Reducing our carbon footprint

o   Fishing quotas

o   Sustainable forestry

o   National parks

o   Renewable energy

-          For each of the 3 you picked explain what problem it is trying to solve and how it is trying to do this, give examples of projects which has been started and how this is helping the environment.

The criteria covered in this assignment are:

P6: Identify the human activities that are affecting the earth and its environment 

M6: Describe how the choices humans make have an effect on the Earth and its environment

D4: explain the possible solutions to the effect humans have on the earth and its environment